The seven liberal arts were the fundamental disciplines of knowledge in the Middle Ages and were divided into two groups: the trivium and the quadrivium.
The trivium was composed of three disciplines related to language and thought:
1. Grammar: Study of the rules and structures of language for correct oral and written expression.
2. Rhetoric: Art of persuasion and the effective use of language in discourse.
3. Logic or Dialectic: Study of reasoning and argumentation to reach valid conclusions.
The quadrivium included four disciplines focused on the study of mathematics and nature:
4. Arithmetic: Science of numbers and their properties.
5. Geometry: Study of shapes, space and proportions.
6. Music: Science of sound and its harmony, considered a mathematical discipline.
7. Astronomy: Study of the stars and celestial movements.
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